Adaptation of ‘Test of Visual Motor Skills-3’ into Turkish: Validity and Reliability Study

The aim of this study is to adapt the Test of Visual Motor Skills-3 -which tests the visual motor skills apart from visual perception- into Turkish in order to be used for the preschool children to evaluate their visual motor skills. A total of 202 children, with the average age 68.86 months, were randomly selected and included in the study to achieve the reliability and validity studies. The adaptation started with translation of the test material into Turkish and retranslation of it to its original language. Then the translations were compared and found to be appropriate in semantic-linguistic-experiential-conceptual consensus. The form was finalized in accordance with the feedbacks of a panel of seven child development specialists and the pilot study was administered with the final form. In order to determine the construct validity of Test of Visual Motor Skills-3 exploratory factor analysis was run. The other evidence regarding the construct validity are the affirmative factor analysis results. For the concurrent validity children’s age and teachers’ feedback was used. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient was computed to ascertain the reliability and the test-retest method was utilized to analyze the external consistency of Test of Visual Motor Skills-3. Factor analysis revealed that the items' loads were between 0,19 and 0.72; explaining 28% of total variance. According to the affirmative factor analysis the values for chi-square is calculated as 1082.57 (df:524), RMSEA is calculated as 0.09, St. RMR is calculated as 0.008, CFI is calculated as 0.93, NFI is calculated as 0.87 and GFI is calculated as 0.71 which indicates a total data consistency. The internal consistency coefficient was computed as 0.92 and test-retest reliability coefficient was computed as 0.98 (p<.01). With the results obtained, Test of Visual Motor Skills-3 was found to be a reliable and valid scale for the implementations with preschool children between 60-72 months old