ASPHALTITE AS ENERGY SOURCE; FORMATION, CONTENT, TURKEY RESERVES, CLEANING

Asphaltite is a substance originating from petroleum through metamorphism as a result of the impact of the temperature and pressure when petroleum settles in slits and cracks in the surrounding areas following tectonic movements. Asphaltites are often seen as vein-like masses along the bedding. Since it is a substance originating from petroleum, it has a high calorific value and consists of elements such as nickel, molybdenum and vanadium, it is regarded as a valuable source. In ？？rnak and Hakkari provinces in Turkey, asphaltite deposits in the form of 13 veins were detected. The asphaltite source with a high calorific value in ？？rnak-Slopi allowed the construction of a thermal power plant at 405 MW power with the fluidized bed boiler technology. The use of asphaltite as fuel is a big problem due to its mineral matter and sulfur content. Therefore, it is inconvenient to use it for domestic heating purposes in residential centers. Various cleaning works have been carried out to make asphaltites a suitable energy source for the environment. In these studies, although some decrease in the ash content has been achieved, no decrease in the sulfur content was observed. In this study, information about asphaltite as well as information about Turkey’s asphaltite sources was provided in addition to a comprehensive examination of the studies that were conducted to reduce environmental damages resulting from the use of asphaltite as an energy source