The Migration Of The Prophet Mohammed To Medina In The Poetries Of Prophet’s Companions

When the Prophet Mohammed peace be upon him was forty years old, he was tasked to invite people to Islam. The religion of Islam secretly spread among the people of Mecca for three years. When the revelation ordered the invitation of Islam to be declared openly, the Prophet has put Allah's commandment into practice. Although the Dawa invitation to Islam has been accepted among some people in the beginning, many Meccan did not accept the position of the Prophet, when he criticized their beliefs or their idols. So, they agreed on to block the spread of dawa to Islam. After a short while, the polytheists started to oppress the Prophet, and torture his followers. When the persecution of polytheists became unbearable; the Prophet, advised Muslims to migrate to the Habasha to protect themselves from what they have already found in Makkah. He, peace be upon him, knew very well that the Islamic Dawa must be strengthened and that Habasha ruled by a fair king who protect anyone comes to his kingdom asking for his protection. Muslims in need of protection followed the advice of the Prophet and emigrated to Habasha. Meanwhile, the Prophet is under the patronage of his uncle Abu Tālib. After the death of Abu Tālib the pressure on the Prophet increased day by day. Moreover, the polytheists even made a plan to eliminate him. The Prophet, who realized that he will be unable to invite to Islam in Mecca, traveled to the Tāif for the purpose of telling his case but was forced to return to Mecca once he met with a harsh reaction in Tāif. In the meantime, the people of Madinah, due to the wars with the Jews and the instability occurred from the conflict between themselves, had been in search of a leader to overcome their turmoil for many years. The Prophet also invited the groups who came to Mecca during the hajj season to Islam. The people of Madinah, who perceived that the Prophet had the qualities to overcome the problems between them, they have pledged allegiance to the Prophet, through the agreements known as Aqaba I and Aqaba II. Thus, the city of Madinah has become ready to meet the migrants, and to become a base area where the Islamic invitation will be strengthened and opened to the World. When Almighty Allah has first allowed believers then the Prophet to migrate to Medina, a new era was opened in Islamic history with Prophet’s emigration to Medina. In the poetries of Prophet’s companions, there are verses that give clues about the migration of the Prophet to Medina. There are five poetry texts belong to, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Abu Bakr ibn Abi Quhafah, Suraka ibn