Hanafi Doctrine and the Sheikh of Islam Hanafi in Algeria from the Opening of North Africa Until Independence

Algerian diversity in human structure and its size has contributed alot to the expansion of the knowledge of Islamic science. This is reflected during the time Ottoma Empire in Central Morocco the current Algeria, were the Hanafi doctrine was the authority doctrine used in the empire. This doctrine has spread throughout the world, in this article we have highlighted the stages of its inception and the most prominent scholars and their work in expansion of islamic knowledge and their religious position in the the history of Algeria. We mentioned the Hanafi school during the islamic ottoman empire era, Ottoman era and French occupation until independence. And we have compared Hanefi doctrine with the Maliki doctrine prevailing in Algeria It is noted in this study that Hanafi doctrine was present in North Africa since ancient times this is confirmed by Judge Ayyad, Ibn Khalkan, Dabbagh and Ibn al-Khoja. Despite the high class of knowldege received from the Imam Malik, Asad ibn al-Furat recieved Asadiyah from Ibn al-Qasim which he introduced to Kairouan where many people listened to it made him their leader (imam) which resulted into the spread of the Hanafi doctrine. The entry of Hanafi doctrine into Algeria was through Tunisia and the spread took place in stages during which the scholars of the Hanafi school rise up throughout the period and this was from the era of the Hafs, which was interrupted by the state of Bani Abdel-Wad until the beginning of the Ottoman state. This indicate the existence of scholars of the Hanafi doctrine, students, schools and texts. These scholars have emerged in various fields of astronomy, arithmetic, jurisprudence, modernity, literature, martial arts and poetry, thus supporting the knowledge in Algeria before. This paved the way for this to return again and search for status as the ruling doctrine in Algeria till the coning Ottoman empire to power in the year 921. During Ottoman rule increased support for doctrines of jurisprudence, especially the Hanafi doctrine and establishement of many endowments which acted as direct revenues to support doctrinal doctrines, serve education and build educational institutions, such as schools and mosques, improving the welfare of students, teacher’s salaries and obtaining sources of livelihood for supervisors of mosques and foreign students which ensured continuous income that helped stabilize its situation and increase its education activity, intellectual production and expansion. As for the position of giving Fatwa was considered the highest religious position the islamic Ottoman state,