Characteristics of non-hepatic cancers in cirrhotic patients

Background and Aims: Besides the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma, the incidence of some non-hepatic cancers also increases in patients with cirrhosis. We evaluated whether there was an increase in the incidence of non-hepatic cancers in patients with cirrhosis diagnosed before transplantation in our center. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, a total sample of 1017 patients with cirrhosis who were followed up at our center was reviewed, of which the data of 37 patients who did not develop non-hepatic cancer were evaluated, and the incidence of cancer was determined. These data were compared with the incidence rate of cancer at our hospital. Results: The incidence of non-hepatic cancers was found to be increased by 4-fold in males and by 9-fold in females (overall 7.5-fold) among patients with cirrhosis compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). Comparison based on the type of cancers in cirrhotic patients revealed an increase by 93-fold for leukemia, 33-fold for lymphoma, 31-fold for gallbladder cancers, 15.5-fold for gastric cancers, 12-fold for renal cell cancers, 10-fold for sarcomas, 9-fold for urinary bladder cancers, ~6-fold for pancreatic, laryngeal, endometrial, and lung cancers, 4-fold for prostate cancers (p < 0.05), 2.5-fold for colon cancers, and 1.2-fold for breast cancers (p ？ 0.05). Conclusion: There was an increase in the incidence of all non-hepatic cancers, primarily lymphoma and leukemia, in patients with cirrhosis