Genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1: Useful determinants for clinical outcome of bladder cancer in Pakistani population

Background: Incidence of bladder cancer has increased rapidly worldwide in the past few years. Environmental as well as genetic factors are involved in the etiology of bladder cancer. Glutathione S transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S transferase theta 1 (GSTT1) genes are two xenobiotic metabolizing genes in phase II of detoxification process.