Large luteinized follicular cyst of pregnancy

Ovarian luteinized follicular cyst is a relatively uncommon benign condition characterized by bilateral or solitary ovarian enlargement during pregnancy. A large luteinized follicular cyst can rupture or twist during pregnancy. Few cases of this clinical condition have been reported in literature. A large (12.5 × 9 cm) cyst and a live fetus of 8 weeks were detected on ultrasound scan of a 28 year old lady who had lower abdominal pain was the subject of this case report. The cyst was growing rapidly. Laparotomic excision of the cyst, and dilation and curettage was performed. Macroscopically the cyst was 15 cm in length with smooth regular outer and inner wall. Microscopic examination revealed a large luteinized follicular cyst of pregnancy. A rapidly enlarging ovarian mass in pregnancy poses significant diagnostic problems. Large luteinized cysts of pregnancy are thought to involve stimulation by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), or increased tissue sensitivity to hCG. A literature search identified eight previous cases that had been detected prenatally. In summary, large luteinized cysts of pregnancy are an uncommon type of cystic mass particular to pregnancy, characterized by the combination of a benign appearance and a tendency to enlarge rapidly, eventually becoming symptomatic and most often necessitating surgery. Mediscope Vol. 5, No. 1: Jan 2018, Page 38-41