Expression of Ki-67 and Prognosis of Breast Invasive Carcinoma in Congolese Women

Breast invasive carcinoma is the most cancer in the world. In low resource countries, cancer are of poor prognosis for they are diagnosed at later stage. There is not a cancer registry in the Democratic Republic of Congo and studies on biomarkers are lacking. This study had the main purpose to determine the expression of Ki-67 and the prognosis of invasive breast carcinoma in Congolese women. Cross-sectional study of 86 women with invasive Breast Carcinoma were included in the Democratic Republic of Congo from Kinshasa (n=73) and Lubumbashi Cities (n= 13). Age at the time of diagnosis, tumor size, tumor necrosis, grade of tumor and proliferation index measured by Ki-67 were taken into account. Statistical analysis used SPSS program and Pearson Chi-square test. From 2014 to 2016, biopsies were collected from 86 Congolese patients to determine the expression of Ki-67 and the prognosis of invasive breast carcinoma. The proliferation marker was observed in 91.9%. K-i67 > 20% and > 30% were found respectively in 55.8% and in 33.7% of patients. The value of the Ki-67 was influenced by the tumor stage. The association between the size of the tumor and Ki-67 was statistically significant. The risk of tumor necrosis was 2.9 times in case of tumor with positive Ki-67. Ki-67 was positive in many patients younger than 45 years. However, the difference was not statistically significant. In patients with T3 and T4 tumors, the risk of positive Ki-67 was 7 times compared to those of T1 and T2 tumors. Patients with G3 tumors had 9 times the risk to have positive Ki-67 compared to those with G1 and G2 tumors. In conclusion, tumors in Congolese women are associated with higher proliferation index and poor prognosis for most of them are diagnosed at later stage. Chemotherapy can be justified for prior care in low resource countries and radical mastectomy should be encouraged