A Review on the Concepts, Types, Aspects and Activation Factors of New Media Hooliganism

The purpose of this study is to explore the concepts and aspects of hooliganism appeared in the new media. Behaviors in virtual spaces based on new media are actually linked to, supplement, and support behaviors in stadiums or on the street. The transformed complexion of hooliganism in traditional and real places (offline) is rising, and in spite of demands for more social concern, some regard this as merely the temporary hyperactivity of a minority of hardcore fans. There is also a predominate tendency to perceive certain relevant issues as momentary news items even when they are emphasized as social issues. In conclusion, in the new media environment, hooligans and hooliganism has been shown in a new aspect. It is possible to provide a suitable environment that hooliganism can be activated in cyberspace by New Media. In cyberspace hooliganism generates large amounts of information, such as video sharing and evolving the concept of violence to exercise a variety of bullying to a particular subject through various media. Due to these factors, hooliganism may appear to as universal and ubiquitous phenomenon. In particular, youth friendly and easily accessible cyberspace so that they likely to be involved in the hooliganism as in the case of British. Due to this new media environment hooliganism has been transcends time and space and it is becoming increasingly internationalized. In order to control new media hooliganism that is regarded to have a large ripple effect on individuals and society at large, other countries have already incited social concern on the subject and are implementing specific policy alternatives. The empirical and more deeply research are required in the meaning of establish a countermeasure for hooliganism in the new media.