The Effect of Ethanol Psidium guava Leaf Extract on Blood Pressure in Normotensive Guinea Pigs

Non-communicable diseases are severe world health problems mainly in sab Saharan- African countries developing countries including Ethiopia. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major non-communicable diseases increase with rises of hypertension. Hypertension is elevation of systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg. A billion people affected globally and millions of them deaths annually. It is significant risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. Some medicinal plants are traditionally used for treatments hypertension. Psidium guava is one popular medicinal plant which is widely used in traditional medicine treatment of different diseases such as diabetes, vomiting, diarrhea and dyslipidemia. The study was designed to identify the effect of P. guava leaf extract on hypertension in guinea pigs. The study was conducted on eight male guinea pigs to measure the effect of ethanol P. guava leaf extract by using invasive methods. The result was analyzed by using independent student t test and one way ANOVA. Ethanol extract of P. guava leaf showed a significant (p=0.05, p=0.001) reduction of blood pressure of in normotensive guinea pigs in dose dependent manner. The effect of P. guava leaf extract in reduction of blood pressure is may be due to a number of phytochemical contents.