Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Developing Country: Epidemiological, Clinical and Etiological Aspects and Indications

Background: Total hip arthroplasty is a prosthetic joint replacement procedure. Its indications remain dominated by hip osteoarthritis. Objective: to describe the epidemiological, clinical and etiological aspects of total hip arthroplasty and its indications in a developing country. Patients and Methods: The work was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection over a six year period from January 1 st 2010 to December 31 st 2015. It was carried out in the general surgery department of Tanguieta district hospital in Northern Benin. Were included all the patients who received a total hip prosthesis during the study period. Results: Two hundred and forty-five patients including 129 men (52.7%) and 116 women (47.3%) were registered. The average age of the patients was 41 ± 13.7 years with extremes of 17 and 80 years. Thirty patients (12.2%) had bilateral total hip prosthesis. The first three indications were osteoarthritis, osteonecrosis of the femoral head due to sickle-cell disease and pseudarthrose of the femoral neck. Conclusion: Total hip prosthesis at Tanguieta district hospital interests young people. Osteoarthritis and necrosis of the femoral head were the most frequent indications.