Production of Some Chemically Modified Adsorbents from Some Field Crops by- Products to Reduce Ochratoxin A

This study aimed to produce some chemically modified adsorbents (CMA) from some field crops by- products to reduce ochratoxin A (OTA). Chemical modification was performed on broken rice starch, soybean hulls, and wheat bran to produce acetylated rice starch (ARS 8, ARS 16%), modified soybean hulls (MSH), and micronized wheat bran (MWB). The presence of the new functional groups due to chemical modification was checked via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) method. The incidence of OTA in four types of commercial apple juice samples was studied. The efficacy of the chemically modified adsorbents (CMA) for reducing OTA at 500 and 1000 mg was tested via HPLC method and applied at contaminated apple juice samples. From FTIR different stretching bonds and new functional groups at different band positions relates to chemical modification were detected. MSH, MWB, ARS 8% and ARS 16% at 500 and 1000 mg were reduced OTA spiked solution by (73.2, 82.7); (79.5, 84.03); (66.5, 72.0), and (70.9, 75.8)%, respectively. The total number of contaminated apple juice samples with OTA was 33 out of 150, and 13 of them exceeded the permissible limits of the EU. The reduction of OTA in all contaminated apple juice samples using CMA was 100%, and the treated samples were highly acceptable by the panelists, and there were no significant changes in appearance, color, and flavor. The results of this study could be useful in utilizing broken rice, soybean hulls, and wheat bran; improving their adsorption capacities via chemical modification with acids and delivering highly reactive adsorbents to the food processors to produce safe food and remove OTA from contaminated apple juice