Cervical Smears: Morphological and Epidemiological Study for Intra-Epithelial Neoplasia in Lubumbashi

Cervical carcinoma is one of the most preventable cancers for conventional cervical smear may detect intra-epithelial neoplasia before the invasive stage. Often cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia may be detected by conventional cervical smear. There is no cancer control policy in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), as there is no cancer registry. This study was done to determine the morphological and epidemiological profile of cervical pathology in Lubumbashi. Data were selected from the Congolese League against Cancer (LCCC) registry who organized in the Democratic Republic of Congo the first cervical voluntary screening in March 2012. In total, 639 women aged from 22 to 65 years underwent cervical smears. Histopathological examination was done in case of high grade intra-epithelial neoplasia. Among all the women, 30 were living with intra-epithelial neoplasia, 24.4 and 75.6% had high grade and low grade lesions. Cytological and histological correlation was found in 65% of high grade lesion. In conclusion, this study shows a significant frequency of intra-epithelial cervical neoplasia in Lubumbashi city. Women beyond 30 years present 11 times the risk of high grade intra-epithelial lesion compared to youngers. Data are in many cases not reproducible compared with some publications. This study calls for multicentrically evaluation of intra-epithelial cervical neoplasma and for cervical cancer