Allelopathic Effect of Three Wild Plants (Azadirachta indica, Tithonia diversifolia and Thevetia peruviana) on Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) Growth and Stimulation of Metabolites Involved in Plant Resistance
The aim
of this study was to determine the allelopathic effects of Azadirachta indica oil and aqueous extracts of Tithonia diversifolia and Thevetia
peruviana on the growth and stimulation of metabolites involved in tomato
plant resistance. Randomized in blocks within a shaded area, the different
treatments prepared at 10% and 15% (v/v and w/v) in water were subsequently
applied on tomatoes seeds to monitor the effect on germination, and on tomatoes
leaves to monitor the effect on growth and resilience of the plants. The result
showed that in stressful conditions all the treatments significantly inhibit (p < 0.05) the germination capacity of the seeds from
21.22% to 92.61%, the germination rate from 39.82% to 92.76% and the
germination viability of the seedlings from 64.67% to 100%. However, the
negative allelopathic effect of the treatment was significantly reduced (p <
0.05) when used for germination initiation by botanical priming. In addition,
while T. diversifolia at 10% promotes
a better aerial and root growth in tomato plants, T. peruviana at 15% induces the activation of resistance mechanisms
in tomato plants by increasing protein levels to 104.5%, phenol levels to
183.33% and peroxidase enzyme activity to 586.15%. Therefore, allelopathic
compound of wild plants would be a good alternative for growth promotion and
resistance of tomato crops.
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