探究日本电影对影视翻译基本原则的适应性——通过对译制片《寄生兽》中文配音与字幕的对比 Exploring the Adaptation of Japanese Films to the Basic Principles of Film and Television Translation—By Comparing the Chinese Dubbing and Subtitling of the Translated Film Parasyte
近年来，越来越多的日本影视作品被引入中国大陆。 在电视上或者是影院里播放时，中国观众更多地看到配音版的作品，虽然日本影视作品的配音产物多，但是关于关注于它的配音翻译研究却很少。根据麻争旗(1997)提出的影视翻译的五项基本原则，配音的语言需要符合口语化、人物性格化、情感化、口型化、通俗化这五个原则。但是，关于这五项基本原则的探讨更多集中在源语言为英文的影视作品上，很难说麻(1997)的五项原则也适用于日本影视作品。为了验证麻(1997)所提出的这五个基本原则是否适用于日本影视作品的配音，本文对同一译者所翻译出的《寄生兽》的中文官方配音和中文官方字幕进行了对比，笔者发现了虽然日语和英语的起点语言和起点文化均有不同，但是麻(1997)基于英文影视作品所提出的影视翻译的五项基本原则也适用于日文影视作品到中文的翻译，并且麻(1997)的基本原则也影响了配音译文文本。口语化、人物性格化、情感化、口型化、通俗化这五项基本原则均有在配音台本中体现，造成了配音台本和字幕的不同。同时也发现了五项原则同时实现是一个艰巨的挑战，执行起来也会受到其他因素的制约。
In recent years, more and more Japanese films and television works have been introduced to mainland China. When shown on TV or in theaters, Chinese audiences are more likely to see dubbed versions of the works. Although there are many dubbing products of Japanese films and TV works, few studies focus on dubbing translation. According to the five basic principles of film and television translation proposed by Ma Zhengqi (1997), the language of dubbing needs to conform to the five principles of colloquialism, characterization, emotionality, oralization, and vulgarization. However, the discussion of these five basic principles has focused more on English-language films and television works, and it is difficult to say that Ma’s (1997) five principles are also applicable to Japanese films and television works. In order to verify whether the five basic principles are applicable to the dubbing of Japanese film and television works, this study compared the official Chinese dubbing and the official Chinese subtitles of Parasite translated by the same translator. The basic principles are also applicable to the translation of Japanese film and television works into Chinese, and those basic principles have also influenced the dubbed translated texts. The five basic principles of diction, characterization, emotionality, diction, and vulgarization are all reflected in the dubbed text, resulting in the difference between the dubbed text and the subtitled text. Meanwhile, conducting five principles simultaneously is found difficult, as their implementation is constrained by other factors.
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Cintas, J.D. and Remael, A. (2014) Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling. Routledge, New York.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315759678
