趵突泉泉域沟谷型重点渗漏带特征及保护修复措施研究
Characteristics of Gully-Type Key Leakage Zone in Baotu Spring Area and Its Protection and Restoration Measures

DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2021.101007, PP. 63-73

Keywords: 重点渗漏带，植被覆盖度，第四系厚度，入渗补给量，保护修复措施
Key Leakage Zone, Vegetation Coverage, The Thickness of the Quaternary System, Groundwater Leakage Recharge, Protection and Restoration Measures

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

本文以大涧沟重点渗漏带为例，通过综合利用水文地质调查、遥感解译、直流电法物探测量、钻孔解译以及渗水试验等手段对趵突泉泉域沟谷型渗漏带的地形地貌特征、水文地质特征、植被覆盖度特征、第四系厚度特征以及地下水入渗补给量进行了研究。结果表明，大涧沟重点渗漏带地势整体上东高西低，南北两侧为山体，中间发育形成东西向的沟谷，为典型的沟谷型地貌；地下水流向整体上为自东南向西北径流；植被覆盖度整体上较高，中高植被、中植被和中低植被占整个流域面积的79.08%；第四系覆盖层整体较薄，厚度约0~20 m，地下水补给能力较强；现状开发利用条件下多年平均地下水渗漏补给量为192.37万m³/a。为保证重点渗漏带的渗漏量不减少，将重点渗漏带进行了功能分区，并有针对性地提出了不同功能分区的保护修复措施。
In this paper, topographic and geomorphic characteristics, hydrogeological characteristics, vegetation coverage characteristics, the thickness of quaternary system and groundwater recharge are studied in Da-jian-gou gully-type key leakage zone of Baotu Spring domain through the comprehensive utilization of hydrogeology survey, remote sensing, the measurement of direct current prospecting, drilling, interpretation and water penetration test. The results show that the terrain of Da-jian-gou Leakage Zone is generally high in the east and low in the west, with mountains on both sides and east-west gullys in the middle, which is a typical gully type landform; groundwater flow is generally from southeast to northwest, and meteoric water can be directly infiltrated through limestone exposed layer to recharge karst water or indirectly through quaternary overburden. On the whole, the vegetation coverage is relatively high, accounting for 79.08% of the whole catchment; the quaternary overburden is relatively thin with a thickness of about 0~20 m, and the groundwater recharge capacity is relatively strong. Under the current development and utilization conditions, the annual average groundwater leakage recharge is 1.923,700 m³/a. In order to ensure the leakage of the key leakage zone is not reduced, the key leakage zone is divided into functional zones, and protection and restoration measures of different functional zones are presented.

References

[1]	邢立亭, 周娟, 宋广增, 等. 济南四大泉群泉水补给来源混合比探讨[J]. 地学前缘, 2018, 25(3): 260-272. XING Liting, ZHOU Juan, SONG Guangzeng, et al. Discussion on the mixed ratio of spring recharge sources of the four spring groups in Jinan. Geoscience Frontiers, 2018, 25(3): 260-272. (in Chinese)
[2]	张建芝, 邢立亭. 回归分析法在地下水动态分析中的应用[J]. 地下水, 2010(4): 88-90. ZHANG Jianzhi, XING Liting. Application of regression analysis in groundwater dynamic analysis. Groundwater, 2010(4): 88-90. (in Chinese)
[3]	胡克祯, 张建芝, 邢立亭. 基于时间序列分析的地下水动态研究[J]. 水科学与工程技术, 2011(5): 32-34. HU Kezhen, ZHANG Jianzhi, and XING Liting. Study on groundwater dynamics based on time series analysis. Water Science and Engineering Technology, 2011(5): 32-34. (in Chinese)
[4]	侯新文, 邢立亭, 孙蓓蓓. 济南市岩溶水系统分级及市区与东西郊的水力联系[J]. 济南大学学报(自然科学版), 2014(28): 305. HOU Xinwen, XING Liting, and SUN Beibei. Classification of karst water system in Jinan and hydraulic connection between urban area and eastern and western suburbs. Journal of Jinan University (Natural Science Edition), 2014(28): 305. (in Chi-nese)
[5]	黄春海, 李升云. 地下水开发研究[M]. 济南: 山东大学出版社, 1988. HUANG Chunhai, LI Shengyun. Groundwater development research. Jinan: Shandong University Press, 1988. (in Chi-nese)
[6]	荣倩. 玉符河强渗漏带黄河水回灌过程中含水层堵塞研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 济南: 济南大学, 2017. RONG Qian. Study on aquifer plugging during water recharge of the Yellow River in Yufuhe Strong Seepage Zone. Master’s Thesis, Jinan: Jinan University, 2017. (in Chinese)
[7]	陈学群, 刘彩虹, 管清花, 田婵娟, 李成光, 辛光明. 趵突泉泉域洼地型强渗漏带特征及保护措施[J]. 人民黄河, 2020, 42(4): 60-64. CHEN Xuequn, LIU Caihong, GUAN Qinghua, TIAN Chanjuan, LI Chengguang, and XIN Guangming. Baotu spring region depression type strong leakage zone characteristics and protection measures. People’s Yellow River, 2020, 42(4): 60-64. (in Chinese)
[8]	管清花, 刘彩虹, 陈学群, 李福林, 辛光明. 济南泉域重点渗漏带植被覆盖空间异质性[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2020, 48(9): 8-14. GUAN Qinghua, LIU Caihong, CHEN Xuequn, LI Fulin, and XIN Guangming. Spatial heterogeneity of vegetation cover in key seepage zones of Jinan Spring Basin. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2020, 48(9): 8-14. (in Chinese)
[9]	刘彩虹, 陈学群, 田婵娟, 辛光明, 管清花, 李成光. 小岭村项目对济南泉域小岭强渗漏带的影响[J/OL]. 长江科学院院报. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/42.1171.TV.20191203.1645.004.html LIU Caihong, CHEN Xuequn, TIAN Qingjuan, XIN Guangming, GUAN Qinghua, and LI Chengguang. Influences of Xiaoling Village Reconstruction Project on leakage zone in Baotu Spring area, Jinan. Journal of the Yangtze River Academy of Sciences. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/42.1171.TV.20191203.1645.004.html (in Chinese)
[10]	马良, 王晓军, 吴恩江, 等. 典型济南泉域强渗漏带的保护开发与评价[J]. 中国水土保持科学, 2018, 16(3): 103-111. MA Liang, WANG Xiaojun, WU Enjiang, et al. Protection, development and evaluation of strong leakage zone in typical Jinan Spring Basin. Science of Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2018, 16(3): 103-111. (in Chinese)
[11]	张曰良, 李福林, 陈学群, 等. 济南泉域重点强渗漏带调查与保护规划[R]. 济南: 济南市水利局, 山东省水利科学研究院, 2014. ZHANG Yueliang, LI Fulin, CHEN Xuequn, et al. Investigation and protection planning of key strong leakage zone in Jinan Spring Region. Jinan: Jinan Water Resources Bureau, Shandong Institute of Water Resources Science, 2014. (in Chinese)
[12]	孙蓓蓓. 济南岩溶水系统水资源调蓄潜力研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 济南: 济南大学, 2014. SUN Beibei. Research on the potential of water resource regulation and storage in Jinan karst water system. Master’s Thesis, Jinan: University of Jinan, 2014. (in Chinese)
[13]	李福林, 陈学群, 管清花, 等. 济南市趵突泉泉域重点渗漏带保护区划分[R]. 济南: 济南市水利局, 山东省水利科学研究院, 2016. LI Fulin, CHEN Xuequn, GUAN Qinghua, et al. Conservation division of key seepage zone in Baotu Spring Region, Jinan City. Jinan: Jinan Water Resources Bureau, Shandong Institute of Water Resources Science, 2016. (in Chinese)
[14]	李道真. 山丘区三水转化及应用变参进行区域水资源计算方法研究(上) [J]. 资源与环境, 1989, 1(1): 44-49. LI Daozhen. Research on regional water resource calculation method based on sanshui transformation and variable parameter application in Shanqiu Region (Part 1). Resources and Environment, 1989, 1(1): 44-49. (in Chinese)
[15]	李道真. 山丘区三水转化及应用变参进行区域水资源计算方法研究(下) [J]. 资源与环境, 1990, 2(1): 36-44. LI Daozhen. Research on regional water resource calculation method based on Sanshui transformation and variable parameter application in Shanqiu Region (Part II). Resources and environment, 1990, 2(1): 36-44. (in Chinese)
[16]	李福林, 王玉太, 张保祥, 刁希全, 王维平. 石灰岩山区工程建设对水土流失的影响研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2000, 20(5): 16-18. LI Fulin, WANG Yutai, ZHANG Baoxiang, DIAO Xiquan, and WANG Weiping. Research on the influence of limestone mountain engineering construction on soil and water loss. Water and Soil Conservation Bulletin, 2000, 20(5): 16-18. (in Chinese)
[17]	孙立军. 济南市兴隆片区(石灰岩山丘区)开发中地下水保护与修复研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2015. SUN Lijun. Research on the protection and restoration of groundwater in the development of Xinglong Block (Limestone Hill Area), Jinan City. Master’s Thesis, Taian: Shandong Agricultural University, 2015. (in Chinese)
[18]	万利勤. 济南泉域岩溶地下水的示踪研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 北京: 中国地质大学, 2008. WAN Liqin. Tracer study of Karst groundwater in Jinan Spring Basin. Ph.D. Thesis, Beijing: China University of Geosciences, 2008. (in Chinese)
[19]	徐军祥. 济南岩溶水系统研究[M]. 北京: 冶金工业出版社, 2012. XU Junxiang. Research on Jinan karst water system. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2012. (in Chinese)
[20]	毛晓平. 影响济南市区名泉停涌的主要因素分析[J]. 山东气象, 2002, 22(2): 6-8. MAO Xiaoping. Analysis of the main factors influencing the stopping of famous springs in Jinan City. Shandong Meteorological, 2002, 22(2): 6-8. (in Chinese)

Full-Text