长期刈割对草原地上植被和土壤种子库的影响
Effects of Long-Term Mowing on Above-Ground Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank in Grassland

DOI: 10.12677/BR.2021.101007, PP. 47-55

Keywords: 刈割，典型草原，地上植被，土壤种子库，物种丰富度
Mowing, Typical Steppe, Above-Ground Vegetation, The Soil Seed Bank, Species Richness

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Abstract:

以内蒙古典型草原长期围封样地为研究对象，进行野外物种调查和温室种子萌发试验，探究地上植被和土壤种子库对长期刈割的响应以及二者之间的相互关系。结果表明：1) 刈割后植被群落物种丰富度平均值为11.2种，相较于空白样地，显著增加了2.4种(P < 0.05)，其中多年生杂类草(Perennial forbs, PF)显著增加1.5种(P < 0.05)，禾类草(Gramineae, G)、一二年生杂类草(Annuals and biennials, A)增加不显著(P > 0.05)；2) 刈割后土壤种子库群落物种丰富度平均值为6.7种，密度平均值为27,719.7粒？m？3，且刈割对与PF、G以及A的土壤种子库物种丰富度和密度均无显著差异(P > 0.05)；3)空白对照和刈割处理下的土壤种子库与地上植被的相似性分别为0.42和0.45，在调查的33个物种中，刈割处理后羊茅(Festuca ovina)、黄花葱(Allium condensatum)、冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)在植被中出现，二裂委陵菜(Potentilla bifurca)在土壤种子库中出现，木地肤(Kochia prostrata)在植被和土壤种子库中均出现。长期刈割可增加草地植被物种多样性，对土壤种子库影响不显著。
Take the long-term fencing enclosure sample plots of typical steppe in Inner Mongolia as the re-search object. Field species investigation and greenhouse seed germination experiment were conducted. To explore the response of above-ground vegetation and soil seed bank to the long-term mowing and the relationship between them. The results showed that :1) Compared with the blank plots, the average species richness of vegetation community after mowing was 11.2 species, which was significantly increased by 2.4 species (P < 0.05), Perennial forbs (PF) was significantly increased by 1.5 species (P < 0.05), but the difference was not significant between Gramineae (G) and Annuals and biennials (A) (P > 0.05); 2) The average species richness of soil seed bank after mowing 6.7 species, the average of density was 27,719.7 seeds？m？3 and there was no significant difference in species richness and density of PF, G and A in the soil seed banks after mowing (P > 0.05); 3) The similarity between the soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation were 0.42 and 0.45 in blank control and mowing treatment respectively, among the 33 species investigated, Festuca ovina, Allium condensatum and Artemisia frigida appeared in vegetation after mowing treatment, and Potentilla bifurca appeared in soil seed bank, Kochia prostrata appeared in both vegetation and soil seed bank. Long-term mowing can increase the species diversity of grassland vegetation, which had no significant effect on soil seed bank.

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