Dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment promoted the neuropathic pain via paracrine inflammatory and growth factors

ABSTRACT Neuropathic pain associated with cancers was caused by tumor itself or tumor therapy, which was aggravated by sensitizing nociceptor sensory neurons. The tumor microenvironment contributed to tumorigenesis, tumor progress, tumor metastasis, tumor immune resistance, tumor chemotherapy, and tumor immunotherapy. In the current study, we explored the contributions of the infiltrated dendritic cells insulted by Wnt1 in tumor microenvironment to neuropathic pain associated with cancers. The different transcriptome of infiltrated dendritic cells from lung adenocarcinoma and from juxtatumor indicated that thousands of genes were up-regulated by the tumor microenvironment, some of which were enriched in pain pathway. The paracrine factors such as TNF, WNT10A, PDGFA, and NRG1 were also elevated in tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells. The receptors of paracrine factors were highly expressed on dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and not altered in pain conditions. Single-cell RNA-seq data unveiled that TNFSF1 was expressed in neurons, microglial cells, and endothelial cells. PDGFRA was only expressed in microglial cells. ERBB3 was only expressed in neurons. FZD1 and 3 were extensively expressed in various cells. The components composed of signaling pathways associated with the above paracrine factors participated in pain networks. The transcription factors activated by paracrine factor signaling regulated the expression of genes associated with pain. TNF, WNT10A, and PDGFA were extensively expressed in multiple cancers, but their expression in patients did not distribute normally. These data indicated that infiltrated dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment promoted neuropathic pain by sensitizing nociceptor sensory neurons via paracrine factors. Blockage of paracrine factor signaling might alleviate cancer pain. ABSTRAC