摘要 目的 探讨慢性牙周炎（CP）病人的中医体质分布特征，为CP预防和中医治疗提供依据。 方法 将纳入研究的150例CP病人进行CP分度，再采用中医体质辨识系统对150例CP病人及50例健康者进行中医体质辨识，建立数据库，采用统计学方法研究CP病人中医体质分布规律及其与性别、年龄及疾病分度等因素的关系。 结果 试验组除特禀质和湿热质外，其他中医体质类型与对照组比较，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=5.147～29.242，P＜0.05）。试验组CP病人中医体质频次排前三位的是阳虚质（17.73%）、气虚质（13.55%）、湿热质（12.32%）；CP病人不同性别组中医体质频次分布不同，男性平和质、湿热质明显高于女性，女性阳虚质、气虚质和血瘀质明显高于男性，差异均有统计学意义（χ2=5.930～15.184，P＜0.05）；重度CP病人阳虚质频次明显高于轻、中度CP病人，差异均有统计学意义（χ2=7.107～21.070，P＜0.05）。 结论 CP病人中医体质以阳虚质、气虚质和湿热质为主；中医体质受性别因素影响；女性阳虚体质者应作为慢性牙周炎重点防治人群。 Abstract：Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutions in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), and to provide a basis for the prevention and TCM treatment of CP. Methods A total of 150 patients with CP were enrolled, and the grade of CP was determined for each patient. The TCM constitution identification system was used to determine the TCM constitution of 150 patients with CP and 50 healthy subjects. A database was established, and a statistical analysis was performed to investigate the distribution rule of TCM constitutions in patients with CP and its association with sex, age, and disease grade. Results There were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in all TCM constitutions except allergic constitution and damp-heat constitution (χ2=5.147-29.242,P<0.05). The three most common TCM constitutions in the experimental group were Yang-deficiency constitution (17.73%), Qi-deficiency constitution (13.55%), and damp-heat constitution (12.32%). There were significant differences in the frequencies of TCM constitutions between male and female patients; normal constitution and damp-heat constitution were often seen in male patients, while Yang-deficiency constitution, Qi-deficiency constitution, and blood-stasis constitution were often seen in female patients (χ2=5.930-15.184,P<0.05). The patients with severe CP had a significantly higher frequency of Yang-deficiency constitution than those with mild or moderate CP (χ2=7.107-21.070,P<0.05). Conclusion Yang-deficiency constitution, Qi-deficiency constitution, and damp-heat constitution are the major TCM constitutions in patients with CP. The TCM constitution of such patients is affected by sex. Female subjects with Yang-deficiency constitution should be the key population for the prevention and treatment of CP
