摘要 目的 明确蓬莱市20岁及以上居民高尿酸血症(HUA)的患病率及其影响因素。 方法 采用二阶段抽样的方法，调查蓬莱长住居民797人HUA的患病情况。 结果 蓬莱长住居民HUA患病率为23.59％，标化HUA患病率为22.91％，男、女性HUA患病率分别为32.12％、14.51％，不同性别HUA患病率差异有显著意义(χ2=34.24，P<0.01)，男性HUA发病风险高于女性(OR=2.79，95%CI=1.96～3.96，P<0.01)。HUA患者中城区人口比例高于农村(χ2=25.80，P<0.05)。整体人群及HUA人群的男性血尿酸水平均高于女性（t=14.87、5.46，P<0.01）。HUA患者女性发病年龄晚于男性（t=3.89，P<0.01）。男性各年龄组HUA患病率比较差异无显著性（χ2=2.17，P＞0.05）；女性随着年龄增高，HUA患病率呈增加趋势（χ2=10.72，P<0.01）。HUA患者代谢综合征（MS）患病率高于正常人群（χ2=18.99，P<0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，每周啤酒摄入量（OR=3.65，95%CI=1.66～8.00，P<0.01）、每周白酒摄入量（OR=1.99，95%CI=1.08～3.67，P<0.05）、每周贝类海产品摄入量（OR=4.07，95%CI=2.31～7.17，P<0.01）、体质量指数（BMI）（OR=2.17，95%CI=1.17～4.04，P<0.05）及三酰甘油（TG）（OR=2.19，95%CI=1.36～3.56，P<0.01）为男性HUA发病的独立危险因素；每周贝类海产品摄入量（OR=5.01，95%CI=2.53～9.93，P<0.01）、BMI（OR=2.52，95%CI=1.19～5.36，P<0.05）、TG（OR=2.92，95%CI=1.48～5.76，P<0.05）为女性HUA发病的独立危险因素。HUA患者对HUA知晓率低于对高血压、糖尿病及高脂血症的知晓率（χ2=37.16～74.20，P<0.05）。 结论 蓬莱居民HUA患病率在全国居高水平，患病年龄呈年轻化。HUA患者MS患病率高。减少贝类海产品及乙醇摄入、控制腹型肥胖、控制高血压、纠正血脂异常是防治HUA的重要措施。HUA知晓率低，需要提高本地居民对HUA及痛风的防治意识。 Abstract：Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of hyperuricemia (HUA) and related influencing factors among residents aged ≥20 years in Penglai, China. Methods The two-stage sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence rate of HUA among 797 permanent residents in Penglai. Results The prevalence rate of HUA was 23.59% among the 797 permanent residents in Penglai, with a standardized rate of 22.91%. The prevalence rate of HUA was 32.12% in male residents and 14.51% in female residents, and there was a significant difference in the prevalence rate of HUA between male and female residents (χ2=34.24,P<0.01). Male residents had a higher risk of HUA than female residents (odds ratio (OR)=2.79,95% confidence interval (CI):1.96-3.96,P<0.01). The proportion of HUA patients in urban areas was significantly higher than that of HUA patients in rural areas (χ2=25.80,P<0.05). In the overall population and the patients with HUA, male residents had a significantly higher level of serum uric acid than female residents (t=14.87,5.46,P<0.01). Female patients with HUA had a significantly older age of onset than male patients with HUA (t=3.89,P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of HUA between the male residents in different age groups (χ2=2.17,P>0.05), while in the female residents, the prevalence rate of HUA tended to increase with age (χ2=10.72,P<0.01). The patients with HUA had a significantly higher prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome (MS) than the normal population (χ2=18.99,P<0.01). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that
