Cure of Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia by Tandem Autologous HSCT Followed by Maintenance Therapy

Plasma cell leukemia is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with rapidly progressive course and poor clinical outcome. It requires aggressive induction therapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients who are fit and eligible for this form of therapy. We report a female patient who was diagnosed to have primary plasma cell leukemia in November 2015. Her disease was controlled by a combination of cytotoxic chemotherapy and novel agents. Due to absence of sibling donors for allogeneic transplantation, she received tandem autologous stem cell transplantation followed by 2 cycles of consolidation then continuous maintenance therapy. This line of management has already achieved a durable disease control and hopefully cures of her aggressive plasma cell malignancy.