MACHINE-INDUCED CHANGES ON COW'S UDDER TISSUE

Sa？etak Introduction of machine milking, accelerated and simplified the work with the animals, and increased the quality of milk. Since the teat orefice is the first line of defense against infectious, any injuries or changes in tissue increases the risk of penetration of a large number of microorganisms and the occurence of diseases of the udder are larger. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in the teat tissue from the udder of cows after milking. The study was conducted on cows Holstein breed. The ultrasonic measurements of morphological properties of the front and rear left teat udder were made immediately before and after milking. Machine milking significantly (P <0.0001; P <0.05) affected all morphological properties of the teats after milking in relation to the same value before milking, except for width of the teat-end. The teat-canal length of the front teat extended to1.6 mm (11%), and rear to 1.5 mm (12%). Teat wall thickness of the front teats increased by 1.1 mm (17%), while the same treats at the rear teats had change in the amount of 1.7 mm (28%). Teat-cistern width of the front teat decreased by 32%, and the width of the teat-end thickened by 0.6%. In the rear teats were found changes in the teat-cistern width to -5.4 mm (39%), while the teat-end thickened to 0,04 mm (0.2%). Mechanical pressure of liner during milking, significantly affecting the udder tissue changes, and it is extremely important to have good milking management and constantly monitoring of new changes. A timely detection of some larger visible changes, can prevent harder inflammation and higher production costs