杭州萧山南美白对虾生育期高温灾害时空分布特征 Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of High Temperature Disasters during Growth Period of Penaeus vannamei in Xiaoshan, Hangzhou
本文采用杭州萧山区21个区域自动站建站至2020年6月逐时平均气温资料，利用Python进行数据筛选和绘图，ArcGis进行空间插值分析。对21个站点在南美白对虾生育期的高温轻、中、重度灾害进行时间和空间分布特征分析。选取了21个站点中的两个典型区域自动站：对虾基地站(白对虾集中养殖区)和十七工段站(建站时间最长的站点)，分析这两个站点进行高温轻、中、重度灾害年和日的变化特征。综合分析得到以下几点主要结论：1) 高温轻度灾害仅发生在5~9月，轻度灾害集中发生在7、8月份；高温中度灾害仅发生在5~8月，中度灾害集中发生在7、8月份；高温重度灾害仅发生在7~8月。2) 从空间分布来看，高温灾害集中出现在离江边较远的中心地区，其中党山村站和南翔村站高温灾害最为严重，靠近江边站点高温灾害发生次数明显偏少，其中临江海港站高温灾害最轻。3) 对虾基地站高温轻度灾害仅出现在一天中09:00~20:00时段，灾害集中出现在正午至傍晚时段，灾害发生次数随时间总体呈先增后减单峰分布特点，峰值出现在14:00~15:00时段，对应多年平均年总灾害次数达14.50次。高温中度灾害仅出现在一天中的10:00~19:00时段，灾害集中分布在午后至傍晚时段，其中13:00~14:00时段高温中度灾害发生次数最多，对应多年平均年总灾害次数达8.83次。高温重度灾害仅出现在一天中的12:00~18:00时段，灾害发生次数随时间呈先增后减单峰分布特点，峰值出现在15:00~16:00时段，对应多年平均年总灾害次数达4.17次。4) 十七工段站站高温轻、中、重度灾害多年平均年总灾害次数随时间分布均呈先增后减的单峰分布特点，峰值均出现在14:00~15:00时段，对应值分别为16.94、8.22和1.72次。十七工段站高温轻度灾害仅出现在一天中的08:00~19:00时段，灾害集中发生在11:00~17:00时段。高温中度灾害仅出现在一天中的09:00~19:00时段，灾害集中发生在12:00~17:00时段。高温重度灾害仅出现在一天中的11:00~18:00时段，灾害集中发生在13:00~16:00之间。
This paper uses the hourly average temperature data from 21 regional automatic stations in Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou until June 2020, uses Python for data screening and mapping, and ArcGis for spatial interpolation analysis. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of light, moderate and severe high temperature disasters during the growth period of P. vannamei at 21 sites were analyzed. Two typical regional automatic stations out of 21 stations were selected: the shrimp base station (white prawn intensive breeding area) and the seventeen working section station (the station with the longest construction time), and these two stations were analyzed for light, moderate and severe high temperature change characteristics of disaster year and day. Comprehensive analysis has obtained the following main conclusions: 1) High temperature and mild disasters only occur from May to September, and mild disasters mainly occur in July and August; high temperature and moderate disasters only occur from May to August, and moderate disasters mainly occur in July and August; severe disasters only occur from July to August. 2) From the perspective of spatial distribution, high temperature disasters are concentrated in central areas far away from the river. Among them, Dangshancun Station and Nanxiangcun Station have the most serious high temperature disasters, and the number of high temperature disasters near the riverside station is obviously less. The high temperature disaster at Linjiang Seaport Station is the least. 3) High temperature and mild disasters at shrimp base station only occur
Fleckenstein, L.J., Kring, N.A., Tierney, T.W., Fisk, J.C., Lawson, B.C. and Ray, A.J. (2020) The Effects of Artificial Substrate and Stocking Density on Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Performance and Water Quality Dynamics in High Tunnel-Based Biofloc Systems. Aquacultural Engineering, 90, Article ID: 102093.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2020.102093
