浅谈大棚对于葡萄开花坐果期的温度调控作用——以河北唐山为例 A Discussion on the Effect of Greenhouses on the Temperature Regulation of Flowering and Fruiting Period in Tangshan, Hebei Province
以河北省唐山市温室大棚为研究对象，收集2019年河北唐山大棚葡萄开花期，坐果期(3月29日至4月30日)的棚外相对温度、1.5 m棚内温度、棚内日照指数、棚外2分钟平均风速的资料。通过图表分析以及相关系数分析了当地温室大棚对温度的调控作用，并研究了影响温度的因子。结果表明：1) 白天大棚平均增温8.0℃，夜间平均增温2.7℃，日均增温5.3℃。每日增温作用最强的时段多为10:00~13:00，最强增温作用平均为13.3℃；每日增温作用最弱的时间多为23:00，最弱增温作用平均为0.4℃。大棚对温度的调控效果在0:00~6:00保持稳定，增温作用大致保持在2.5℃~2.7℃，每日的7:00~10:00大棚的增温作用迅速增强，10:00~13:00为一天中最强，增温作用平均保持在9.9℃~11.3℃，13:00后增温作用持续减弱。2) 白天大棚内外温差与棚外气温数据的相关系数为？0.04，说明白天大棚的内外温差与棚外气温几乎没有相关性，夜间两者相关系数为？0.72，大棚内外温差与棚外气温在夜间呈强的负相关；白天大棚内外温差与棚外气温数据的相关系数为0.11，大棚对温度的调控效果与棚外2分钟平均风速在白天呈极弱相关，夜间两者相关性很小；大棚对温度的调控效果与棚内日照在白天呈中等程度的正相关，两者的相关系数为0.56。
In this paper, the temperature difference between inside and outside greenhouse is calculated based on the data of punctual temperature outside the greenhouse, the temperature inside the 1.5 m greenhouse, the sunshine index inside the greenhouse and the average wind speed outside the greenhouse, which are observed by the meteorological observation station and the microclimate station of Tanghai experimental base of Agricultural Research Institute of Caofeidian from March 29 to April 30, 2019. The temperature difference between inside and outside of the greenhouse are used to reflect the regulation effect of the greenhouse on the meteorological elements. By using the chart correlation analysis method, correlation coefficient and one-way regression analysis, the regulation effect of the local greenhouse on the temperature and humidity is analyzed, and the influencing factors are studied. The results show that: 1) During the day, the average temperature of the greenhouse increased by 8.0？C, at night by 2.7？C, and daily by 5.3？C. The maximum time of daily warming effect is 10:00~13:00, and the average of the maximum warming effect is 13.3？C; the maximum time of daily warming effect is 23:00, and the average of the weakest warming effect is 0.4？C. The control effect of the greenhouse on the temperature was stable at 0:00~6:00 every day, and the warming effect was kept at 2.5？C~2.7？C on average. The warming effect of the greenhouse was strengthened rapidly at 7:00~10:00 every day. The warming effect was the strongest at 10:00~13:00, and kept at 9.9？C~11.3？C on average. After 13:00, the warming effect continued to weaken. 2) There is little correlation between the temperature regulation effect of the shed and the temperature outside the shed in the daytime and their correlation coefficient is ？0.04, which has strong correlation and negative correlation with that at night, and the correlation coefficient is ？0.72; the temperature
