我国主要旅游城市环境舒适度的评价研究
Evaluation Research on the Environmental Comfort of Chinese Major Tourism Cities

旅游环境舒适度是将气候和环境污染(包括噪音污染、空气污染)共同作用于人体感官形成的感知进行评价，进而影响旅游者对目的地的选择及其消费行为。本文利用中国气象台站地面气象资料日值数据集(V3.0)、生态环境部PM_2.52017年逐日数据依据熵值法以及距离法计算了我国12个主要旅游城市的舒适度指数，结果表明：1) 综合舒适度指数变化呈“U”或“W”型，指数为“U”型变化时，最佳旅游时间为7月；指数为“W”型变化时，最佳旅游时间为8月与5~6月；2) 舒适期由长至短分别为三亚、昆明、广州、拉萨、哈尔滨、武汉、大连、成都、南京、杭州、北京、吉林；3) 温湿指数位于2.87~3.47，PM_2.5浓度位于1.94~2.54时，人体感觉舒适；温湿指数位于2.57~2.87及3.47~3.77，PM_2.5浓度位于1.64~1.94或2.54~2.84时，人体感觉较舒适(数值为处理后的无量纲量)。
Tourism environment comfort is a perception evaluation that combines the climate and environ-mental pollution (including noise pollution and air pollution) of the scenic area with the human senses to affect the destination choice and consumption behavior of tourists. This paper uses the daily value data set (V3.0) of China’s surface climate data and the PM_2.5 2017 daily data of the Envi-ronmental Protection Bureau to calculate the comprehensive comfort index of 12 major tourist cit-ies in China according to the entropy method and distance method. Major results are as follows. 1) The change of comprehensive comfort index is “U” or “W” type, when the index is “U” type change, the best travel time is July; when the index is “W” type change, the best travel time is August, May to June. 2) The comfort periods from long to short are Sanya, Kunming, Guangzhou, Lhasa, Harbin, Wuhan, Dalian, Chengdu, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Beijing, Jilin. 3) When the THI index is between 2.87 - 3.47 and the pollutant concentration is between 1.94 - 2.54, the human body feels comfortable; when the THI is between 2.57 - 2.87 and 3.47 - 3.77, when the pollutant concentration is between 1.64 - 1.94 or 2.54 - 2.84, the human body feels more comfortable.