复配土对陕西地区小麦生长及品质的影响
Effect of Compound Soil on Growth and Qual-ity of Wheat in Shaanxi Province

DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2020.1010131, PP. 860-865

Keywords: 土壤改良，砒砂岩，风沙土，小麦，生长状况
Soil Reclamation, Soft Rock, Sand, Wheat, Growth Conditions

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

本文针对风积沙资源化开采形成的大面积采沙迹地土壤性状恶化，进而导致植被恢复困难的问题，尝试用毛乌素沙地采沙迹地风沙土与其下覆砒砂岩复配，并结合小麦种植试验分析小麦对复配土的响应机制，以期为采沙迹地植被恢复与重建及生态环境改善提供科学依据。结果表明：复配土种植的小麦株高适中，复配比为1:2处理种植的小麦旗叶叶绿素含量(SPAD值)明显高于其他两种配比，复配比为1:2以及1:5处理种植的小麦叶片LAI值均较高。复配比例为1:2处理的小麦产量高达6203.58 kg？hm^？2，比复配比为1:1和复配比为1:5高3.82%和7.86%。因此，我们认为砒砂岩与沙复配比为1:2时最有利于作物生长，小麦产量达到最高。
In this paper, for the problem of soil quality deterioration in a large area of sandy land formed by the exploitation of aeolian sand, which leads to the difficulty of vegetation restoration, this paper tries to use the sandy soil of mu us sandy land with its soft sandstone and sandy soil mixed soil, and combines with wheat planting experiment to analyze the mechanism of wheat for the recovery of sandy land restoration and reconstruction and ecological environment, so as to provide a scientific basis. The main conclusions are that the plant height planted in the compound soil was moderate, and the SPAD value of the flag leaf when soft rock and sand mixed ratio was 1:2 was significantly higher than that of others. When soft rock and sand mixed ratios were 1:2 and 1:5, the LAI values were higher. The yield of wheat with the compound ratio of 1:2 was as high as 6203.58 kg？hm^？2, which was 3.82% and 7.86%higher than that with the compound ratio of 1:1 and 1:5. Therefore, we believe that the compound ratio of 1:2 is most beneficial to crop growth, whose yield is the highest.

References

[1]	马小龙, 王朝辉, 曹寒冰, 佘旭, 何红霞, 包明, 宋庆赟, 刘金山. 黄土高原旱地小麦产量差异与产量构成及氮磷钾吸收利用的关系[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(5): 1135-1145.
[2]	曹寒冰, 王朝辉, 赵护兵, 马小龙, 佘旭. 基于产量的渭北旱地小麦施肥评价及减肥潜力分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2007, 50(14): 2758-2768.
[3]	刘宗奇. 土壤复配对紫花苜蓿光合生理及产量的影响[M]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2007.
[4]	梁鹏, 石玉, 赵俊晔, 等. 不同产量潜力小麦品种冠层光截获特性及产量的差异[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2018, 38(10): 57-62.
[5]	Zhang, P., Zhang, X.F., Wei, T., et al. (2012) Effects of Furrow Planting with Ridge Film Mulching and Side Planting with Flat Film Mulching on Photosynthesis and Yield of Winter Wheat. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas.
[6]	Xiao, L.C. (2008) Effects of Ridge and Furrow Planting for Rainfall Harvesting on Photosynthetic Charac-teristics and Yield in Corn in Semi-Arid Regions. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 34, 838-845. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2008.00838
[7]	Ramakrishna, T.H.M., Wani, et al. (2006) Effect of Mulch on Soil Temperature, Moisture, Weed Infestation and Yield of Groundnut in Northern Vietnam. Field Crops Research, 95, 115-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2005.01.030
[8]	孙家柱, 郭仁峻, 田立平, 等. 北京地区冬小麦品种生物产量性状的遗传改良和遗传相关分析[J]. 华北农学报, 1999, 14(4): 1-6.
[9]	王勇, 李晴祺, 李朝恒, 等. 小麦品种茎秆的质量及解剖学研究[J]. 作物学报, 1998, 24(4): 452-458.
[10]	苏娜, 姜思彤, 傅兆麟, 等. 小麦旗叶叶片不同部位叶绿素分布差异的研究[J]. 天津农业科学, 2019, 25(5): 55-56.
[11]	张志鹏, 傅兆麟. 小麦叶片叶绿素含量与产量关系研究进展综述[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2015, 21(10): 36-37.
[12]	杨国华, 董建力. 灌浆期高温胁迫对小麦叶绿素和粒重的影响[J]. 甘肃农业科技, 2009(8): 3-5.
[13]	周云龙. 植物生物学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2004.
[14]	张希彪, 上官周平, 王金成, 等. 子午岭人工油松林群落更新特征及影响因子[J]. 山地学报, 2014, 32(5): 561-567.
[15]	王锐, 刘文兆, 李志. 黄土塬区10m深剖面土壤物理性质研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(3): 550-554.
[16]	侯贤清, 贾志宽, 韩清芳, 等. 不同轮耕模式对旱地土壤结构及入渗蓄水特性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(5): 85-94.

Full-Text