列车运动对地铁车站公共区热环境的影响
Influence of Train’s Movement on Thermal Environment in Public Area of Metro Station

以北京地铁1号线某典型车站为研究对象，考虑自然通风、机械通风、活塞风及不同空调控制系统的耦合作用，通过对单列车正常行驶、减速进站、停站及加速驶离车站这一过程进行三维动态数值模拟计算及现场环境参数监测，分析了列车运动对地铁车站热环境的影响。结果表明：列车运动使得车站公共区的热环境参数产生较大幅度的波动；列车减速进站及停站的过程中，站台公共区域特别是靠近运动列车的候车区域温度明显上升，且形成较大风速，影响乘客候车舒适性；采用下送上回的空调控制模式能有效的抑制乘客候车区域的温升，但部分冷气会经由轨顶风道被抽入排风风道和被列车风卷吸至隧道内，从而造成能量损失。该研究可为北京地铁1、2号线通风空调系统的设计方案和运行模式的优化提供科学依据。
Taking a typical station in Beijing metro line 1 as the research object, considering the natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation, the piston wind and the coupling effects of different air conditioning control system, 3d dynamic numerical simulation and field monitoring on environment parameters were conducted in the process of single train moving, slow pit stop, stop, and accelerating left the station, and the influence of thermal environment in metro station train movement were analyzed. The results show that the train movement causes the thermal environment parameters in the station public area to fluctuate greatly. During the process of decelerating the train to enter the station and stop the station, the temperature in the public area of the platform, especially the waiting area near the moving train, rises obviously, and a large wind speed is formed, which affects the comfort of passengers. The lower air conditioning control mode can effectively restrain the temperature rise in the passenger waiting area, but some of the cool air will be pumped into the exhaust duct through the rail top duct and sucked into the tunnel by the train wind, thus causing energy loss. The research can provide scientific basis for the design scheme and operation mode optimization of the ventilation and air conditioning system of Beijing Subway Line 1 and Line 2.