典型喀斯特地区植被覆盖变化及其对地形因子的响应——以云南石林为例
Vegetation Coverage Change and its Response to Topographic Factors in Typical Karst Areas—A Case Study of Shilin in Yunnan Province

喀斯特地区的植被与生态环境问题一直是学术界关注的热点。本研究以典型喀斯特地区—云南石林为研究对象，基于遥感数据资料，应用ArcGIS、ENVI等技术手段，分析研究区植被覆盖度变化特征，探讨其对地形因子的响应。研究结果表明：研究区植被覆盖度总体呈下降趋势，尤其是1999年~2008年间，植被覆盖度平均值由70%降为50%左右；2009年~2018年植被覆盖有增加趋势。研究区植被覆盖度总体上在西部低海拔地区呈现较低值，中部地区呈现较高值，与1999年相比较，2018年植被覆盖空间上总体呈现破碎化和片段化。阳坡为植被分布的坡向优势地形位，而坡度优势地形位则经历了由急陡坡到险坡的变化。研究结果将为喀斯特地区植被恢复与生态环境保护提供科学的参考依据。
The problem of vegetation and ecological environment in Karst area has always been the focus of academic circles. This study takes the stone forest in Yunnan, a typical Karst area, as the research object. Based on remote sensing data, ArcGIS, ENVI and other technical means are applied to analyze the characteristics of FVC change in the study area and discuss its response to topographic factors. The results showed that the vegetation coverage in the study area decreased on the whole; especially from 1999 to 2008, the average vegetation coverage decreased from 70% to about 50%. From 2009 to 2018, vegetation cover showed an increasing trend. On the whole, the vegetation coverage of the study area presents a lower value in the western low-altitude area and a higher value in the central area. Compared with 1999, the vegetation coverage in 2018 presents a fragmented and fragmented space on the whole. The positive slope is the dominant topographic position of the vegetation distribution, while the dominant topographic position of the slope experienced the change from the steep slope to the dangerous slope. The research results will provide scientific reference for vegetation restoration and ecological environment protection in Karst areas.