The most common causes of infertility in dairy cow

Sa？etak Fertility in dairy cows has declined in recent decades as milk production per cow has increased. Factors crucial to dairy herd reproductive performance are genetics, nutrition, mating management and metabolic disease. Due to the increase in genetic merit for milk production, nutritional demand has increased. Poor nutrition during the prepartum period can lead to cows at calving being more susceptible to increased metabolic disorders, body condition score loss and a more severe negative energy balance. On the other hand, high dry matter intake increases the metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones and this can lead to periods of suboestrus and decrease oestrus detection efficiency. Regular breeding depends upon the normal function of the ovaries. In order to breed regularly, cows have to display oestrus behaviour, ovulate, conceive, sustain the embryo through gestation, calve, and after calving the cow needs to resume ovarian activity and have uterine function restored