Gallibacterium anatis infection in laying hens

Sa？etak Gallibacterium anatis is one of the most common causative agents of upper respiratory and lower reproductive tract infections. Although it is a part of the physiological microflora, it can cause an infection in unfavorable conditions that leads to a decrease in production and an increase in mortality rates. The clinical symptoms and pathomorphological changes are not specific, which complicates diagnosis. It is most often found on layer farms, although it has been detected on breeder and broiler farms as well. Infection with G. anatis represents a potential threat for production because of its economic impact on the poultry industry. It can cause major losses in a short period of time. Since it is an opportunistic pathogen, the most useful methods for controlling the disease are implementation of biosafety measures and “all in-all out” principle. Due to the very rapid development of multidrug resistance, vaccine application and individual adjustment of the immunoprophylaxis program to the farm is essential in order to prevent disease outbreaks