生物样本速冻装置冷台模拟研究
Simulation on the Cooling Stage of Quick Freezing Device for Biological Samples

在低温生物学及转化医学等研究中需要冷冻复苏后的样本具有较高的成活率，冻存装置是保证其质量的重要一环。本文设计了以80 W斯特林制冷机为冷源的新型样本速冻平台，并基于COMSOL Multiphysics有限元模拟软件对冷台结构进行了模拟分析，结果表明：管间距对样本降温速率无显著影响；冷台高度对样本冷冻过程中的降温速率及温度均匀性影响较大，其中模拟四组样本效果最好的是H=25mm,比样本高度略低；此外，冷台半径越小，样本降温速率越快，半径越大管内温差相对越小，但不同半径之间差距较小。 后续根据模拟结果提出了冷台设计的优化改进方案。本文为以后更大功率及不同体积样本的冷台设计提供了参考。
A higher survival rate of frozen-thawed biological samples is required for clinical use and translational medicine. The cooling rate of samples is one of the most important factors affecting survival. In this study, a new sample quick freezing platform using an 80-W Stirling refrigerator as a cold source was designed. The structure of the cooling stage was determined by heat transfer simulation to obtain the fastest cooling rate using finite element simulation software (COMSOL). The results show that the distance between the sample vials has no significant effect on the cooling rate of the samples. The height of the cooling stage is the main factor that influences the cooling rate and temperature uniformity of the samples. A height of the cooling stage H = 25 mm gives the best results, which is slightly lower than the height of the samples. In addition, when the radius of the cooling stage is smaller, the cooling rate of the samples is faster, and the temperature difference of the samples is relatively larger; however, the result gap is not significant. An optimization and improvement plan has been put forward based on the simulation results. The conclusion of this study will provide a reference for the follow-up design of a cooling stage with greater power and different volume samples