Development
of textile antennas is an important segment towards the
goal of creating smart clothing. In
this paper, we report on a jeans-based circularly polarized textile antenna
designed for the E-band (around 2.45 GHz). We present three variations of the
design and the respective results. The antenna comprises a multi-layer jeans-fabric
as the substrate, a conductive fabric as the patch, which is concealed with
another layer of jeans, and the ground plane is formed by either a cooper foil
or another conductive fabric. A multi-layer structure was chosen to provide a
wider bandwidth and better efficiency, whereas the upper surface of the antenna
was covered by one more layer of jeans to both make the antenna less
conspicuous, when worn on the arm, and protect the patch and substrate from
mechanical damages and moisture. All three variants are characterized by a good
realized gain of about 3 dB, a wide beam width and a wide bandwidth of 21% or
better, around 2.45 GHz, having the radiation efficiency around 36%, and front-to-back
ratio of 5 dB or better, with the ground plane being just slightly larger than
the patch.
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