大蜡螟对农田残膜的生物降解研究
Study on the Biodegradation of Plastic Mulch Film Residue of Farmland by Galleria mellonella

DOI: 10.12677/HJAS.2020.105039, PP. 255-262

Keywords: 大蜡螟，生物降解，农田残膜
Galleria mellonella, Biodegradation, Plastic Mulch Film Residue of Farmland

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Abstract:

近年来农业生态环境问题、尤其是农田残膜污染及其治理成为国内外关注和研究的重点。地膜及其覆盖技术给人们带来巨大经济效益的同时，农田中大量累积的残膜破坏了土壤结构、危害了作物正常生长、造成了农作物减产，从而影响到农民脱贫增收和农田生态环境。针对农田“白色污染”的现状，国内外开展了大量的研究，其中利用昆虫等生物降解农田残膜的方法，成为了一种趋势。本文综述了国内外利用大蜡螟的生物学特性降解农田残膜的相关研究，并对大蜡螟在室内养殖技术以及各领域的深度开发利用进行了展望，旨在为农田土壤可持续利用和农田生态环境保护提供新思路。
In recent years, agricultural ecosystem and environmental problems, especially farmland residual plastic mulch film pollution and its treatment have been the focus of domestic and foreign research and attention. Plastic mulch film and its covering technology have been brought great economic benefits to people. The large amount of residual plastic mulch film accumulated in the farmland destroys the soil structure, harms the normal growth of crops, and causes crops to reduce production, thereby affecting farmers’ poverty alleviation and income increase and farmland ecological environment. In response to the current situation of “white pollution” in farmland, a lot of research has been carried out at home and abroad. Among them, the use of insects and other methods of biodeg-radation of farmland residual mulch film has become a trend. The degradation of farmland residual mulch film using the biological characteristics of the Galleria mellonella at home and abroad has been summarized the relevant researches in this paper. It was prospected for the Galleria mellonella in indoor breeding technology and indepth development and utilization of various fields. And, it was provided new ideas for sustainable use of farmland soil and environmental protection of farmland ecology.

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