自闭症病因及治疗方法新进展
New Progress in the Etiology and Treatment of Autism

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2020.105072, PP. 580-588

Keywords: 自闭症，治疗，风险因素，早期诊断
Autism, Treatment, Risk Factor, Early Diagnosis

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Abstract:

自闭症是一种典型的广泛发育障碍，其症状是社会交往和沟通能力受损，并伴有刻板行为和兴趣受限，自闭症的致病原因主要可以分为遗传和环境两个方面。对自闭症的早期诊断是治疗的关键，传统的广泛使用的行为评估的方法会使得诊断滞后从而影响干预效果，而近年来提出的唾液RNA丰度、口腔上皮细胞DNA甲基化测量等新方法则能够在一定程度上改善这一问题。在自闭症的治疗方面，除了多数自闭症机构倾向于使用的行为干预疗法，近年来研究者们提出了利用各类药物、基因技术、脐带血、肠道菌群干预以及VR沉浸式治疗等方法，但目前很多有关自闭症生物医学方法的最新研究尚且停留在动物实验上，因此未来需要在不违反伦理道德和人道主义的基础上对人类患者进行进一步的研究。
Autism is a typical pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication skills, accompanied with limited stereotyped behaviors and interests. The early diagnosis of autism is the key to treatment. The traditional widely used behavioral assessment method will delay the diagnosis and thus affect the intervention effect. In recent years, new methods such as salivary RNA abundance test and DNA methylation measurement of oral epithelial cells have been proposed to improve this problem to some extent. In the treatment of autism, in addition to the behavior intervention therapy that most autism organizations tend to use, re-searchers have proposed various treatment means: drugs, gene technology, cord blood, intestinal flora methods of intervention and VR immersion treatment. However, most of the current research on the biomedical methods of autism is still in the stage of animal experiments, and more in-depth research on human beings should be carried out on the premise of not violating ethics and humanitarianism.

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