公交服务质量评价是有效提高城市地面公共交通吸引力的重要环节之一。本文提出了基于层次分析(AHP)-可拓物元的公交服务质量评价方法。根据对城市道路公交服务质量指标的层次分析研究，选取线网规划、线路布设和运营服务三个方面作为准则层，选取8个主要评价指标作为指标层，建立服务质量评价指标体系。采用层次分析法和专家调查法确定准则层和指标层的权重，并运用可拓物元的思路对公交服务质量进行评价。以桂林市为例进行公交服务质量评价，得到桂林市公交服务质量综合评价等级为三级。其中准则层线网规划、线路布设和运营服务三个层次的等级分别为二级、二级和三级。然后运用模糊综合评价对其结果进行相关验证，确定其结果的可靠性。根据评价结果可以看出：桂林市公交服务质量一般，有待进一步提高，且根据各准则层的评价等级得出，可以从运营服务方面重点着手优化。
Evaluation of public transport service quality is one of the important links to effectively improve the attractiveness of urban ground public transportation. In this paper, a bus service quality evaluation method based on AHP-extension matter element was proposed. According to the hierarchical analysis of urban road bus service quality indicators, three levels of line network planning, route layout and operation services were selected as the criterion layer; 8 main evaluation indicators were selected as the indicator layer. And the service quality evaluation indicator system was established. Using analytic hierarchy process and expert survey method, the weights of the criterion layer and the indicator layer were determined. Then, using the idea of extension matter element, the quality of public transportation service was evaluated. Finally, Guilin is taken as an example to evaluate service quality. The comprehensive evaluation level of the public transport service quality in Guilin has been third. The three criteria layers for line network planning, route layout and operation services have been second, second and third. Then, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is used to verify the results and determine the reliability of the results. According to the evaluation results, it can be seen that the quality of public transportation services in Guilin is average and needs further improvement. And according to the evaluation level of each criterion layer, we can focus on optimization from the aspect of operation service.
References
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