唐家河井田地下水环境质量评价
Evaluation of Groundwater Environment Quality in Tangjiahe Mine Field

为满足唐家河井田建设项目环境影响评价要求，并符合国家相关法律文件要求，本文通过对唐家河井田评价范围及其周边开展一系列水文地质调查、水文地质钻探、抽水试验和渗水试验等工作，并在搜集了大量资料、对井田范围内的地下水环境进行评价。评价结果显示井田范围内未发现明显的环境水文地质问题，主要污染源为：1) 灵台县城居民生活垃圾、生活污水；2) 灵台县企业工厂排放的固体废弃物和污水；3) 居民生产生活垃圾的露天堆放；4) 农民小型畜牧业养殖；5) 农药化肥的使用。地下水主要污染途径一方面由于大气降水的淋滤作用，另一方面，污水直接外排渗入地表以下，造成地下水污染。选取科学合理的评价因子，通过指标指数法以及综合评价法，确定井田范围内浅层地下水质量为良好–较差–极差，其中良好水质占到绝大多数；总体而言评价区内浅层地下水水质为良好，受污染程度较低。
In order to meet the requirements of environmental impact assessment of Tangjiahe well field construction project, and to meet the requirements of relevant national laws and documents, this paper carries out a series of hydrogeological investigations, hydrogeological drilling, pumping test and seepage test on Tangjiahe well field assessment scope and its surrounding areas, and collects a large number of data and evaluates the groundwater environment within the well field. The evaluation results show that no obvious environmental hydrogeological problems are found in the scope of the well field. The main pollution sources are: 1) Domestic garbage and sewage of residents in Lingtai County; 2) Solid waste and sewage discharged by enterprises and factories in Lingtai County; 3) Open stacking of production and domestic garbage of residents; 4) Small-scale animal husbandry of farmers; 5) Use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer. On the one hand, the main way of groundwater pollution is due to the leaching effect of atmospheric precipitation; on the other hand, sewage is directly discharged into the ground surface, resulting in groundwater pollution. Select scientific and reasonable evaluation factors, through index method and comprehensive evaluation method, determine the quality of shallow groundwater in the scope of the well field as good poor extremely poor, in which good water quality accounts for the vast majority; generally speaking, the quality of shallow groundwater in the evaluation area is good, and the pollution degree is low.