高分遥感在平原水库水质监测中的应用初探
Application of High Resolution Remote Sensing in Water Quality Monitoring of Plain Reservoir

平原水库与城镇用水和居民生活息息相关，利用高分遥感技术对其进行实时动态监测具有重要意义。以浙江省海盐县典型平原水库——千亩荡为例，使用四景GF-1/WFV和DigitalGlobe/QuickBird数据，进行了7种水质参数，包括叶绿素a、悬浮物、透明度、总氮、总磷、氨氮、溶解氧浓度的遥感估算，并讨论了各水质参数春季和冬季的分布变化。结果表明，千亩荡水库主体库区水质良好，而通往外港的周围河道水质则相对较差，以通往北部大横港的河道最为明显，且水库夏季富营养化现象较冬季更为明显。以此应用案例为切入点，总结分析了高分水质遥感在平原水库水质监测中大气校正、水体提取与反演模型三方面的技术难点与发展趋势，从而为城市平原水库的水质遥感模型研究与监测应用提供参考。
Plain reservoirs are closely related to urban water consumption and residents’ life, and it is of great significance to monitor the water quality using the real-time dynamic remote sensing technology. Based on the four GF-1/WFV and DigitalGlobe/QuickBird images, the water quality parameters in Qianmu Dang—the typical plain reservoir in Haiyan, Zhejiang, including chlorophyll-a, suspended matter, transparency, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and dissolved oxygen were estimated and the water quality distribution in spring and summer was discussed. The results show that the water quality of the main reservoir area in Qianmu Dang is relatively good, and the water quality of the surrounding river to the port is relatively poor, with the most serious area in the river channel to the north, and the reservoir eutrophication in summer is more obvious than in winter. Based on this application case, the main technical difficulties and development trend of atmospheric correction, water extraction and inversion model in the plain reservoir water quality monitoring using high resolution remote sensing are analyzed and summarized, so as to provide reference for water quality remote sensing model research and monitoring application of urban plain reservoir.