夏季不同森林环境的身心健康效应研究
Study on the Effect of Physical and Mental Health on Different Forest Environments in Summer

森林环境对人们的身心健康有积极影响。本研究采取现场研究的方法，探讨不同森林环境类型的健康效应差异，选取了城市奥森公园的人工油松林和毛白杨林，远郊松山公园的天然油松林和山杨林共4个森林样地，采用2 (奥森公园、松山公园) × 2 (杨树、油松)混合实验设计，从环境指标、生理指标和心理指标三个方面来评估不同森林环境类型对身心健康的影响，有20名志愿者参与了本次研究。结果发现：远郊森林公园客观环境综合评价指标优于城市森林公园(F_奥森杨树 = 0.224，F_奥森油松 = 0.021，F_松山杨树 = ？0.294，F_松山油松 = ？0.784)；体验者的心率变异性指标SDNN受环境类型和林分的交互影响(F = 8.127, p < 0.01)，SD2受环境类型和林分的交互影响(F = 4.648, p < 0.05)；不同环境类型以及林分对情绪的影响没有显著差异。因此得出结论：夏季远郊森林公园的空气质量等客观指标以及环境复愈性等主观指标均优于城市森林公园；夏季不同类型的森林环境都有降低血压、提高自主神经系统活力，提升积极情绪的效应。
The forest environment has a positive impact on people’s physical and mental health. In this study, field experiments were used to investigate the health effects of different forest environment types. Four forest samples were selected, namely the artificial pine and poplar forests in Olympic Forest Park and the natural pine and poplar forests in the outer suburbs of Songshan Park. The mixed experimental design of 2 (Olympic Forest Park, Songshan Park) × 2 (poplar, Pinus tabulae) was adopted to evaluate the effects of different forest environment types on physical and mental health from three aspects: environmental indicators, physiological indicators and psychological indicators. 20 volunteers participated in this study. The comprehensive evaluation index of objective environment in far suburban forest park is better than that of urban forest park (F_{Poplar grove in Olympic Forest Par}k = 0.224, F_{Pinus tabulaeformis grove in Olympic Forest Park} = 0.021, F_{Poplar grove in Songshan Park} = ？0.294, F_{Pinus tabulaeformis grove in Songshan Park} = ？0.784). Physiological indicators such as SDNN were affected by the interaction between environmental type and stand (F = 8.127, p < 0.01); SD2 were affected by the interaction between environmental type and stand (F = 4.648, p < 0.05); there is no significant difference in the impact of environmental type and forest stands on emotions. Therefore, it is concluded that the objective indicators such as the air quality and the subjective indicators such as environmental recovery in summer suburban forest parks are better than urban forest parks. Different types of forest environments in summer all have the effects of lowering blood pressure, improving the vitality of the autonomic nervous system, and increasing positive emotions.