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损失情境下自我损耗对利他行为的影响
The Impact of Self-Depletion on Altruistic Behaviors in the Loss Situation

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2020.106092, PP. 755-763

Keywords: 损失情境，利他行为，自我损耗
Loss Situation, Altruistic Behavior, Self-Depletion

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Abstract:

当前研究利用Stroop任务和独裁者博弈任务的变式探讨损失情境和自我损耗对个体利他行为的影响。在实验过程中，操纵决策情境与自我损耗程度，考察被试在不同处理条件下利他水平的高低。结果发现：损失情境下个体的利他行为受自我控制资源的影响，自我损耗个体的利他水平显著降低；损失情境加深个体的自我损耗程度，导致其利他水平较之于收益情境更低。研究支持损失情境下个体的利他行为是理性系统有意控制的观点，同时损失情境能够加速个体自我控制资源的消耗。当前研究有助于进一步推动对人类利他行为本质的探索。
The current research applies the Stroop task and the variants of the Dictator game to investigate the effects of loss situation and self-depletion on altruistic behavior. In experiments, the decision-making situation and degree of self-depletion were manipulated and the level of altruism under different experimental conditions was examined. The result shows that self-control resources influenced the altruistic behavior in the loss situation, and the self-depleted individuals’ altruistic levels significantly declined; loss situation further deepened the degree of self-depletion; thus the level of altruism was lower than the gain situations. Our research confirms the opinion that the rational system deliberately controls individuals’ altruistic behavior in the loss situation, given that loss situation can accelerate the consumption of self-control resources. The current research is helpful to further explore the nature of human altruism.

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