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异质性资源条件下克隆整合对两种生态型喜旱莲子草的影响
The Effects of Clonal Integration on Two Ecotypes of Alternanthera philoxeroides under Heterogeneous Resource Conditions

DOI: 10.12677/BR.2020.94043, PP. 354-361

Keywords: 克隆劳动分工，克隆生长，生物量分配，克隆繁殖，植物入侵
Clonal Division of Labor, Clonal Growth, Biomass Allocation, Clonal Propagation, Plant Invasion

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Abstract:

以入侵植物喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)水生和陆生克隆片段为研究对象，在光照和土壤营养两种资源交互的异质性环境下，研究克隆整合(匍匐茎连接)对不同生态型喜旱莲子草生长、克隆繁殖和生物量分配的影响，探讨克隆整合及其介导的克隆劳动分工对不同生态型喜旱莲子草入侵性的影响。结果显示，异质性资源环境下，水生和陆生两种生态型喜旱莲子草克隆片段均表现出明显的劳动分工现象，即高营养低光照斑块的基部分株分配更多的生物量到根部吸收地下资源，而高光照低营养斑块的端部分株则投入更多的生物量到地上部分以获取光照和克隆扩散；且陆生型喜旱莲子草克隆片段的基部分株专化地下资源的吸收现象更为显著，即其基部分株劳动分工强度更大。此外，克隆整合显著增强了两种生态型喜旱莲子草端株和基株的生长表现和整个克隆片段的生物量积累，并且对陆生型克隆片段生长促进作用更为显著。研究结果表明克隆整合有利于异质性环境下喜旱莲子草的生长、克隆繁殖和入侵，尤其对陆生型种群而言。
This study investigated the effect of clonal integration (stolon connection) on the growth, clonal propagation and biomass allocation of the aquatic and terrestrial clonal fragments of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides under heterogeneous resource conditions, with the aim of exploring the contribution of the clonal integration and clonal division of labor on the invasiveness of different ecotypes of this plant invader. The results showed that stolon connection allowed the division of labor within the clonal fragment of both the aquatic and terrestrial ecotypes, with basal ramets specializing in acquisition of belowground resources in high nutrient and low light patches, and apical ramets specializing in acquisition of light and aboveground expansion in high light and low nutrient patches. The basal ramets of terrestrial ecotype showed a stronger capacity of specializing in acquisition of belowground resources than aquatic ecotype. Moreover, clonal integration greatly improved the growth performance of both the apical and basal ramets, increased the biomass accumulation of the whole clonal fragments of A. philoxeroides, especially for the terrestrial ecotype. Therefore, clonal integration can facilitate the growth, clonal propagation and thus invasion of A. philoxeroides under heterogeneous environment, especially for the terrestrial ecotype.

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