冠状动脉三支病变的易患因素及相关预测指标分析
Analysis of Susceptibility Factors and Related Predictors of the Coronary Artery Triple-Vessel Lesion

目的：分析冠状动脉三支病变的易患因素及相关预测指标，为在临床上早期发现和干预提供指导。方法：回顾性分析50例冠状动脉三支病变患者(观察组)和56例单或双支病变患者(对照组)的临床资料。基础数据包括年龄和性别，易患因素包括吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的病史。预测因子包括左心室射血分数(LVEF)、脑利钠肽(BNP)和D-二聚体值。结果：三支病变组与单或双支病变组在性别和年龄等基本信息以及吸烟史和饮酒史等易患因素上均无显著性差异(P > 0.05)。血脂的相关指标之间亦无统计学差异(P > 0.05)。在高血压和糖尿病方面，观察组患者比例明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。而预测因子方面，三支病变组与单或双支病变组的LVEF和BNP值有统计学上的显著差异(P < 0.01)，而D-二聚体差异没有统计学意义。结论：糖尿病和高血压可能是冠状动脉三支病变的独立易患因素。BNP和LVEF值可以作为预测指标，在临床上应引起重视。
Objective: To analyze the susceptibility factors and related predictive indicators of the coronary artery triple-vessel lesion, and provide some guidance for the early identification and intervention in the clinical work. Methods: The clinical date of 50 cases of coronary artery triple-vessel lesion (observation group) and 56 cases of single or double-vessel lesion (control group) are analyzed retrospectively. The basic data aspects include age and gender. Susceptible factors include the history of smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. Predictors include Left ventricular eject fraction (LVEF), Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and D-dimer. Results: There is no meaningful difference between the three-vessel lesion group and the single or double-vessel lesion group in basic information such as gender and age, as well as susceptibility factors such as smoking history and drinking history (P > 0.05). There is no statistical difference between lipid related indicators (P > 0.05). In terms of hypertension and diabetes, the proportion of patients in the observation group was much higher than that in the control group, with significant statistical differences (P < 0.05). LVEF and BNP values in the three-vessel lesion group and the single or double-vessel lesion group show statistically significant differences (P < 0.01), while the D-dimer differences are not statistically significant. Conclusion: Diabetes and hypertension may be independent susceptible factors of coronary artery triple-vessel lesion. BNP and LVEF values can be used as predictors, which should be paid attention in clinical.