高压天然气站场放空时间的模型及其优化
Model and Optimization of High-Pressure Gas Station Venting Time

高压天然气站场放空是天然气长输管线常见的工艺操作，该操作一般是由于高压天然气站场有重大安全隐患需要立即处理而引发的。由于高压站场停输时间不宜过长，通常需要预先估计安全隐患的抢修时间。而天然气站场放空时间作为抢修时间的一部分，故其很有必要进行研究。本文基于SPS软件建立放空模型，首先用某站场实际放空操作数据进行验证，结果显示两者放空时间偏差约3%；随后用该模型对另一站场放空操作预先模拟并制定放空操作方案，并在现场按方案进行操作，两者放空时间偏差约5%；最后用该模型在保证安全的前提下就某站场放空时间从放空点数量与放空管段压降速率进行了模拟并总结规律，最终得出高压站场放空时设定两放空点并根据放空初始压力控制压降速率时其放空时间相对较优。
The venting of high-pressure gas station is a common process operation of long-distance natural gas transmission pipeline, which is generally caused by the need for immediate treatment of major safety hazards in the high-pressure gas station. As the shutdown time of high-voltage station should not be too long, it is usually necessary to estimate the emergency repair time of potential safety hazards in advance. As a part of emergency repair time, it is necessary to study the venting time of natural gas station. In this paper, a venting model is established based on SPS software. Firstly, the actual venting operation data of a station is used to verify the model, and the result shows that the venting time deviation between the two is about 3%. Then, the model is used to simulate the venting operation of another station in advance and formulate the venting operation plan, and the venting operation is carried out on site according to the plan, and the venting time deviation between the two is about 5%. Finally, the model is used to ensure the safety of a certain station. The vent time of the station is simulated from the number of vent points and the pressure drop rate of the vent pipe section, and the rule is summarized. Finally, it is concluded that the vent time of the high pressure station is relatively better when two vent points are set and the pressure drop rate is controlled according to the initial vent pressure.