天津市城镇居民文化需求及影响因素研究
Research on the Cultural Needs and Influencing Factors of Urban Residents in Tianjin

经过近十多年的公共文化服务体系建设，国家公共文化服务功能取得巨大进步，特别是硬件基础设施，然而相关调查显示：社区居民参与积极性、公共文化设施使用率大约仅占40%左右。为满足社区居民文化生活、进一步提升国民整体文明素养、更好制定区域十四五公共文化发展规划，有必要了解城镇居民文化需求及影响因素，为提升公共文化服务水平打好基础。为此，本研究以天津市南开区、西青区和静海区为调研对象，采用问卷法进行调查，从性别、年龄、区域、教育水平、消费观念、家庭人数等因素探讨文化需求水平及文化需求类型。调查结论为：居民休闲文化、文化消费及文化艺术需求已经超过大众文化需求；性别因素、年龄因素、区域因素、教育水平、消费观念及家庭人数均影响文化需求水平；性别因素、教育水平是影响文化需要类型的重要因素；公共文化服务体系建设落后于居民文化需求水平发展。
After more than ten years of public cultural service system construction, the national public cul-tural service function has made great progress, especially the hardware infrastructure, but the related survey shows: community residents participation enthusiasm, the use rate of public cul-tural facilities only accounts for about 40%. In order to meet the cultural life of community resi-dents, further improve the overall civilization quality of citizens, and better formulate the regional 14th and 5th year public cultural development plan, there is no need to understand the cultural needs and influencing factors of urban residents and lay a solid foundation for improving the level of public cultural services. To this end, this study takes Nankai District, Xiqing District and Jinghai District of Tianjin city as the research objects, adopts the questionnaire method to conduct the survey, and discusses the level and type of cultural demand from gender, age, region, education level, consumption concept, family size and other factors. The conclusion is that the demand for leisure culture, cultural consumption and culture and art has exceeded that of mass culture. Gender factor, age factor, regional factor, education level, consumption concept and family size all affect the level of cultural demand. Gender factor and education level are important factors affecting the type of cultural needs. The construction of the public cultural service system lags behind the development of residents’ cultural needs.