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虫草菌净化水产养殖废水条件优化及效果
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Abstract:
本研究尝试利用大型真菌虫草菌C058处理水产养殖废水。在无菌环境下，采用模拟废水考察了废水初始浓度、碳源添加浓度及接种量对C058去除污染物的影响，获得最适作用条件；进一步在开放环境下，分析了C058对模拟废水的处理效果；最后在开放环境下，探讨了C058对实际废水的处理效果。结果表明，C058的最适作用条件为原浓度废水、葡萄糖添加浓度550 mg/L，接种量1%，此时对NH4+-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到68.17%、56.41%和55.90%。在开放环境下，C058对模拟废水的处理效果略低于无菌环境条件(两者无显著性差异)，说明C058可以在开放环境中发挥净水作用。对三种代表性鱼塘水样，C058对NH4+-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到80.50%、67.80%和67.80%以上，同时C058菌丝生长量(以湿重计)增加了22.50%以上。可见，采用虫草菌净化水产养殖废水具有可行性，不仅去除了污染物，而且收获了有价值的虫草菌丝体，为水产养殖废水治理提供了新途径。
This study tried to treat aquaculture wastewater with Cordyceps sp. C058. In a sterile environment, to obtain the best conditions, the effects of the initial concentration of wastewater, the addition con-centration of carbon source and the inoculation amount on the removal rate of pollution indicators were investigated by using the simulated wastewater. Further, the treatment effects of C058 on the simulated wastewater in an open environment were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal conditions for C058 were the original concentration of wastewater and the glucose added concen-tration of 550 mg/L, and the inoculation amount was 1%. At this time, the removal rates of NH4+-N, TN and TP reached 68.17%, 56.41% and 55.90%, respectively. In an open environment, the treat-ment effect of C058 on simulated wastewater was slightly lower than that of the sterile environment (there was no significant difference between the two), indicating that C058 could play a role of puri-fying water in the open environment. For three representative fishponds samples, the removal rates of NH4+-N, TN and TP by C058 were 80.50%, 67.80% and 67.80%, respectively, while the growth rate of C058 mycelium (measured by wet weight) increased by over 22.50%. It could be seen that using Cordyceps sp. C058 to purify aquaculture wastewater is feasible, not only to remove pollutants, but also to harvest valuable cordyceps mycelium, which will provide a new way for aquaculture wastewater treatment.
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