Archaeological ethnography of an indigenous movement: Revitalization and production in a Skolt Sámi community

Indigenous social movements contest histories of relocation, assimilation, and inequality. Archaeologists too have identified such processes in recent and deeper time. But what can ongoing sites of indigenous resistance tell us about those of the archaeological record, and what is the value in the present of linking such phenomena through time? The production of material culture embodies the motivations and constraints of these movements. Objects made and used promise to bridge temporalities, yet have been largely overlooked by anthropologists. To strengthen the ability to theorize such movements, we carry out an archaeological ethnography with the Skolt Sámi community of Arctic Finland. We focus our analysis on revitalization movements—a phenomena recognized at archaeological sites from the Pueblo homelands to western Europe—whereby communities intentionally direct cultural change in response to social stress. We bring anthropological conceptions of revitalization into dialogue with definitions of the term enacted by indigenous communities. The study analyzes the revival of technologies associated with Skolt lifeways: a boat made of planks sewn together with pine roots, and tools used to process inner pine bark. We establish the essential role that production of material culture plays in contemporary indigenous movements, and consider these new insights to critically evaluate and build on archaeological conceptions of revitalization. Nu？rtts？？'mkˇi？ll (Skolt Sámi) Alggmeerla？ liikk？？zz kˇi？tt′ta？lle kolonialiism da assimilaatio historia. Arkeoloog ？e lie kaunnam n？kam proseezzid m？？nnam？？i？jest. Lea？a mai？d vu？itt ann’j？？ alggmeerla？ vuasttla？sttm？？ ？u？？jted mi？jjid se？mmanall？em ？？ddm？？？？i pirr m？？nnam？？i？jest, da m？？n di？tt lij v？？？nai raajjad ？httvu？？ tual’j？？- da ann’j？？？？i？j k？？skˇkˇe? Ko kˇi？？？ap k？？u？nid, kook lie rajjum da ？nnum n？kam liikk？？zzi ？？i？j, vuei？ttep ？htteed tual’j？？ da ann’ j？？ sosiaala？ proseezzid. N？kam liikk？？zzi fi？ttj？？zz naanummu？ di？tt mu？na tue？jjeep ann’j？？ arkeoloog projeekt aarktla？ L？？？ddjannam nu？rtts？？？m-meerin. Mu？na k？skkeep analyysan je？ll’tumm？a - k？？？tt lij vu？innum arkeoloogla？ p？？i？kˇin Pueblo vuu？dest vi？star Euro？ppe – koin ？httsa？k？？？dd ？？cce muttaz vastt？san kulttuurla？ da sosiaal stressa. Tu？tkˇkˇ？s analysastt s？？？mjie？llemvuakka ？httneei teknologia j？ll’jummu？: pie？？？ vue？ddivui？m nj？？？？um v？nnaz da tuajjne？vv, koin l？？hteet pie？？？. Mu？na ？i？？l？？eep aunnsalla？ kulttuur puutt？？zz v？？？nai rool alggmeerla？ liikk？？zzin t？？？l, da v？？lddep lokku t？id o？？ fi？ttj？？zzid ko ？rvvt？？llap da raajjap arkeoloogla？