Biosafety Concerns Related to Brucella and Its Potential Use as a Bioweapon

Three virulent species of Brucella are currently listed as biological select agent and toxins (BSAT) in the United States. During recent biannual reviews of listed agents and toxins, these virulent species of Brucella have been recommended for removal although they currently remain listed as BSAT. Discussions during review indicated differences of opinion in regards to clinical, biological and epidemiological properties of Brucella. Material presented in this paper is an attempt to provide published scientific data relevant to possession, use, and/or transfer of Brucella spp. and pertinent to discussions of the agent as a BSAT. It is intended that this review will promote informed discussion, be beneficial to personnel interested in biological properties of Brucella, and encourage further research and publication of relevant data