The effect of Tai Chi training on the dual

To compare the effect of Tai Chi training with conventional exercise on dual-tasking performance among stroke survivors. An assessor-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Community-dwelling stroke survivors. Community centers and university. Subjects in the Tai Chi group and the conventional exercise group were trained with the corresponding exercises for 12？weeks (1？hour/session, 2/week). No training was given to the controls. An auditory Stroop test, a turning-while-walking test, and a dual-tasking condition that combined the two tests were conducted at baseline, after the intervention, and one month later. Forty-seven subjects were randomized into Tai Chi group (n？=？15), conventional exercise group (n？=？17), or control group (n？=？15). There was no significant difference in the outcome measures among the three groups after the intervention and at the one month follow-up assessment. Within-group comparisons showed improvements in dual-tasking performance after Tai Chi training and further improvement during the follow-up period (composite score on the auditory Stroop test: pre-assessment: 73.1？±？27.6, post-assessment: 89.9？±？23.4, follow-up assessment: 91.7？±？26.9; completion time of the turning-while-walking test: pre-assessment: 17.7？±？6.9？seconds, post-assessment: 15.6？±？5.2？seconds, follow-up assessment: 14.9？±？4.9？seconds). Tai Chi training does not have superior effect on dual-tasking performance compared with conventional exercise among stroke survivors. Further studies with larger sample size, longer training, and follow-up periods are needed