Impact of a cardiovascular disease risk screening result on preventive behaviour in asymptomatic participants of the ROBINSCA trial

A teachable moment for preventive behavioural change can occur when asymptomatic individuals receive their cardiovascular disease screening result. This study investigated prevention-seeking behaviour and compliance with preventive treatment of participants of the population-based Risk Or Benefit IN Screening for CArdiovascular disease (ROBINSCA) trial after receiving a screening result. Asymptomatic Dutch individuals (n？=？43,447) were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to screening for cardiovascular disease by either traditional risk assessment (intervention arm A), or determining the amount of coronary artery calcification (intervention arm B), or to usual care (control arm). A random sample (n？=？600) of ROBINSCA participants with a screening result (arms A and B) received an online questionnaire (in 2017) to measure the impact of a cardiovascular disease screening result in low and increased (arm A: risk？>？10%; arm B: Agatston？≥？100) risk groups. Of all respondents (438/600; 73%) 63.5% were men and the mean age (？±？standard deviation) was 63.8？±？6.9 years. Individuals with an increased coronary artery calcification score consulted their general practitioner more often compared to increased risk individuals from arm A: 140/149 (94%) and 86/137 (62.8%), respectively (P？<？0.001). Current use of blood pressure and cholesterol-lowering drugs was significantly higher in the increased coronary artery calcification score group (108/140; 77.1%), compared to the group with an increased traditional risk (35/80, 43.8%; P？<？0.001). Self-reported compliance was high (98.1–100%). Receiving the screening result might be a teachable moment that can enhance cardiovascular disease prevention-seeking behaviour through consulting a general practitioner and high compliance with preventive treatment. The impact of the screening result was more profound in the increased coronary artery calcification score group. Trial registration number: NTR647