白洋淀气候变化及对生态系统的影响

根据1955年—2010年白洋淀地区气象数据及生态资料，研究了气候变化对白洋淀湿地生态系统的影响，以期为白洋淀湿地保护和可持续发展提供依据。结果表明：近56年来，白洋淀地区的气温总体呈现上升趋势，且在2007年达到最高值，而降水量、平均风速和日照时数均呈现下降趋势，其中1996年以后的降水量均低于56年的平均降水量。白洋淀地区降水量和年最高水位呈明显的正相关关系，平均气温和水域面积的变化趋势则相反。水位、水域面积的变化以及人类活动等因素影响了白洋淀水质和生物多样性以及不同土地利用类型的分配比例。 In this paper, the monthly and yearly meteorological data and ecology information in the Baiyang Lake from 1955 to 2010 were analyzed to investigate the effects on the wetlands, in order to provide the basis of protection and sustainable development to the Baiyang Lake. The results showed that the local climate of Baiyang Lake varied in recent 56 years with increasing in temperature but decreasing in the precipitation, wind speed, and sunlight. In 2007, the temperature was the highest in the past 56 years, and after 1996, the precipitation was all below the average of 56 years. The precipitation had significantly positive correlation with the annual highest water level, however, the average temperature had opposite correlation with water area. The changes of water level and water area, coupled with the impact of human activities affected the water quality and biological diversity in the Baiyang Lake and the allocation proportion of different types of land use. 河北省科技计划项目（10206722D）