渗透铺装对降雨径流水文水质调控效果分析

以宜兴市海绵城市示范区域为研究对象, 通过 SWMM 软件对研究区域概化、建模, 根据实际监测数据对模型真实度进行验证。模拟了重现期分别为 3a、5a、10a、15a、50a、100a 暴雨强度下渗透铺装对降雨地表径流产生的水文、水质效果, 并分析渗透铺装对城市雨水系统生态性的影响。结果表明: 采用渗透铺装对降雨径流量的削减可达 19.74% , 径流系数平均降低 21.93% , 径流削减作用总体随降雨强度增大而增大, 但增幅较小, 调控效果较为显著且稳定。对常规污染物负荷( SS、COD、TN、TP) 可分别减少 24.12% 、23.79% 、22.81% 、21.90% , 削减作用明显, 且对径流量及负荷浓度峰现时间产生一定迟滞效果。研究对渗透铺装的效果进行科学评价, 可对工程设计提供一定参考意见。 Taking the sponge city demonstration project in Yixing city as the research object, we used SWMM software to generalize and model the study area and validated the fidelities of the model with actual monitoring data. The model was used to simulate the hydrology and water quality changes in the area at the rainfall intensity of the return period of 3, 5, 10, 15, 50, 100 years, and to analyze the regulation effect of permeable pavement on the ecosystem of city rainwater. The results showed the permeable pavement could reduce rainfall runoff by up to 19.74% and the runoff coefficient decreased by 21.93% . The overall runoff reduction effect increased along with the rainfall intensity, but the increase was small. As to conventional pollutants of SS, COD, TN, and TP, the reduction was up to 24.12% , 23.79% , 22.81% , and 21.90% , respectively. The permeable pavement could also delay the peak time of runoff volume and pollutant load concentration. This study presents a scientific evaluation on the effect of permeable pavement and provides reference for engineering design. 国家自然科学基金(51109153) ; 江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510332028Y) ; 2017年苏州市水利科技项目